Discovery Mindblown Action Circuitry Floating Ball Experiment Set

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Anderson, R. M., Fatigati, M. D., and Rompre, P.-P. (1996). Estimates of the axonal refractory period of midbrain dopamine neurons: their relevance to brain stimulation reward. Brain Res. 718, 83–88. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(96)00038-8 Grisot, G., Haber, S. N., and Yendiki, A. (2021). Diffusion MRI and anatomic tracing in the same brain reveal common failure modes of tractography. NeuroImage 239:118300. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118300 van der Meer, M., Kurth-Nelson, Z., and Redish, A. D. (2012). Information Processing in Decision-Making Systems. Neuroscientist 18, 342–359. doi: 10.1177/1073858411435128 The most widely used psychiatric diagnostic manual lists anhedonia as one the two cardinal depressive symptoms ( American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Originally coined as the complete loss of pleasure ( Ribot, 1897), the concept of anhedonia has broadened and differentiated ( Treadway et al., 2012; Zald and Treadway, 2017). In contemporary research anhedonia is now operationalized using multiple sub-constructs. Among them are consummatory anhedonia: a reduction in hedonic perception, or enjoyment of rewards (the original definition); motivational anhedonia: a reduced capacity to expend effort in reward pursuit; and decisional anhedonia: an impairment in reward learning and goal selection ( Zald and Treadway, 2017). Why should there be some regions that are specialized for value and familiarity memory and some that combine both types of information ? 24. To begin with, value and novelty have different origins and require different neural computations and thus can naturally arise in separate circuits. Furthermore, maintaining separate circuitry for value and novelty could be important in cases where decisions have to be made based on one aspect of object memory independent of the others. On the other hand, in cases where object salience regardless of origin is important, a node with access to a common salience signal such as vlPFC can control behavior more efficiently.

Salience memories formed by value, novelty and aversiveness

Preclinical laboratory-animal studies can make use of powerful, invasive methods crucial to linking changes in behavior and psychological processes to the underlying neural circuitry, thereby shedding light on the mechanisms underlying successful clinical interventions. A focus in such research on core psychological processes that have been conserved over the course of mammalian evolution can generate new approaches to intervention, such as development of novel pharmacological agents, behavioral therapies, and interventions such as deep brain stimulation ( Coenen et al., 2011; Panksepp and Yovell, 2014; Panksepp, 2016).Haynes, W. I. A., and Haber, S. N. (2013). The Organization of Prefrontal-Subthalamic Inputs in Primates Provides an Anatomical Substrate for Both Functional Specificity and Integration: Implications for Basal Ganglia Models and Deep Brain Stimulation. J. Neurosci. 33, 4804–4814. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4674-12.2013 The maximum firing frequency of human dopamine neurons has yet to be determined, as far as we know. That said, the pulse frequency employed in the deep-brain stimulation of the human MFB, 130 Hz, is well above the maximum firing frequency that dopaminergic neurons can sustain in the rodent ( Tsai et al., 2009; Witten et al., 2011; Covey and Cheer, 2019). The Centrality of the Dopamine Neurons?

The birth, death and resurrection of avoidance: a - Nature

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Neuroscience evidence counters a rape myth | Nature Human

Niyogi, R. K., Breton, Y. A., Solomon, R. B., Conover, K., Shizgal, P., and Dayan, P. (2013). Optimal indolence: a normative microscopic approach to work and leisure. J. R. Soc. Interface 11, 20130969–20130969. doi: 10.1016/S0166-4328(02)00282-6Ueda, H. R., Ertürk, A., Chung, K., Gradinaru, V., Chédotal, A., Tomancak, P., et al. (2020). Tissue clearing and its applications in neuroscience. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 21, 61–79. doi: 10.1038/s41583-019-0250-1 Coenen, V. A., Honey, C. R., Hurwitz, T., Rahman, A. A., McMaster, J., Bürgel, U., et al. (2009a). Medial forebrain bundle stimulation as a pathophysiological mechanism for hypomania in subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation for parkinson’s disease. Neurosurgery 64, 1106–1115. doi: 10.1227/01.NEU.0000345631.54446.06