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Pierrat, B., Correia, J. S., Mary, J. L., Tomas-Zuber, M. & Lesslauer, W. RSK-B, a novel ribosomal S6 kinase family member, is a CREB kinase under dominant control of p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38αMAPK). J. Biol. Chem. 273, 29661–29671 (1998). Dumont, J., Umbhauer, M., Rassinier, P., Hanauer, A. & Verlhac, M. H. p90Rsk is not involved in cytostatic factor arrest in mouse oocytes. J. Cell Biol. 169, 227–231 (2005). Wang, X. et al. Regulation of elongation factor 2 kinase by p90 RSK1 and p70 S6 kinase. EMBO J. 20, 4370–4379 (2001). She also killed friends and business acquaintances along the way. An investigator was quoted as saying, “If all of the suspicions involving the operations of Jane Toppan could be substantiated . . . the succession of murders will cover a wider range and be more astounding than any series of crimes perpetuated by one person in many years.” 48 Toppan ultimately confessed to killing 31 people between 1885 and 1901, but the authorities estimated that she had killed many more. She later stated, “It would be safe to say that I killed at least 100 persons.” 49 Toppan appears to have fulfilled her ambition to become one of the most prolific murderers on record.
Coskun Benlidayi, I. Denosumab in the treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Rheumatol. Int. 2018, 38, 1975–1984. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] [ PubMed]Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the second most common surgery in the U.S. and accounts for 30 lost days of work on average for every case ( S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS))
Our initial study generated a sample of 64 FSKs who committed their crimes in the United States from 1821 to 2008. That might not seem like a large sample for the social sciences, and indeed, at times the data were too scarce for meaningful statistical analyses. But serial murder is rare. It may be the case that only 2% of murders are committed by serial killers. 29 Using this estimate and taking one-sixth of that to be female-perpetrated, this leaves us 0.3% of all murderers to study. One would have to peruse about 20,000 murder cases to find a sample size of 64 FSKs. 30 Yi, H.; Sun, T.; Armstrong, D.; Borneman, S.; Yang, C.; Austin, S.; Kishnani, P.S.; Sun, B. Antibody-mediated enzyme replacement therapy targeting both lysosomal and cytoplasmic glycogen in Pompe disease. J. Mol. Med. 2017, 95, 513–521. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] [ PubMed] Xing, J., Ginty, D. D. & Greenberg, M. E. Coupling of the RAS–MAPK pathway to gene activation by RSK2, a growth factor-regulated CREB kinase. Science 273, 959–963 (1996).When Wuornos was convicted for these multiple murders and sentenced to death, she canceled all appeals. In an interview with a local news station, she proclaimed, “I need to die for the killing of those people.” 94 She continued, “I killed those men, robbed them cold as ice. And I’d do it again . . . I’m the one who hates human life and I’d kill again.” 95 At the time, some people within the criminal justice system, the public, and the media argued that Wuornos might not have been competent for execution. The Miami Herald’s Fred Grimm, for example, emphasized that her behavior was erratic and bizarre. Observers pointed to the fact that she fired her lawyer and instead appointed an evangelical horse trainer who claimed half the rights to movies about her life – actions that hardly demonstrate sound judgment. Many people felt she should have had additional psychiatric examinations. Thakur, A. et al. Aberrant expression of X-linked genes RbAp46, Rsk4, and Cldn2 in breast cancer. Mol. Cancer Res. 5, 171–181 (2007). De Cesare, D., Jacquot, S., Hanauer, A. & Sassone-Corsi, P. Rsk-2 activity is necessary for epidermal growth factor-induced phosphorylation of CREB protein and transcription of c- fos gene. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 95, 12202–12207 (1998). Miyazaki, T.; Tokimura, F.; Tanaka, S. A review of denosumab for the treatment of osteoporosis. Patient Prefer. Adherence 2014, 8, 463–471. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef][ Green Version] Arthur, J. S. & Cohen, P. MSK1 is required for CREB phosphorylation in response to mitogens in mouse embryonic stem cells. FEBS Lett. 482, 44–48 (2000).
Bain, J. et al. The selectivity of protein kinase inhibitors: a further update. Biochem. J. 408, 297–315 (2007). Comparative characterization of newly identified RSK inhibitors first described in references 106–108. Wang, C. Efficacy and Safety of Zoledronic Acid for Treatment of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Am. J. Ther. 2017, 24, e544–e552. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] [ PubMed]Wuornos was born in 1956 in Michigan. Her father was a violent, convicted child molester who completed suicide by hanging while serving a prison sentence. Her mother, Diane, was 15 years old when she married Wuornos’ father. She abandoned Wuornos and her older brother Keith to the care of their maternal grandparents after her husband’s death. Wuornos’ alcoholic grandmother and violent, volatile grandfather raised both children. 81 Wuornos told clinical examiners that her grandfather sexually abused her, as did one of his friends. 82 She also reported having an incestuous relationship with her brother. 83 Indirect costs include quantitatively measurable costs such as employee turnover and productivity lost to lost workdays (absenteeism) as well as more qualitative cost drivers to include lost productivity due to presenteeism (being at work but distracted); culture and quality of life; and reputation as an employer of all outpatient visits are for MSKs = 558 million per year = 1.1 billion hours away from work ( S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)) Prior to the murders she committed at her boarding house, Puente was convicted for drugging three elderly people she met in bars and stealing their possessions. 2 She served about three years in prison, was released on parole, and took up where she left off with both of those activities and more. 3 Puente invited mentally ill, intellectually disabled, elderly, and indigent tenants in need of care and shelter to her lovely Victorian boarding house, known for its welcoming garden, on F Street in Sacramento, California. Social workers felt she was compassionate and were appreciative that she took in very difficult client cases.
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