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Snelder, Denyse J.; Lasco, Rodel D. (29 September 2008). Smallholder Tree Growing for Rural Development and Environmental Services: Lessons from Asia. シュプリンガー・ジャパン株式会社. p.248 ff. ISBN 978-1-4020-8260-3 . Retrieved 8 October 2010. Xuanzang's travelogues and the Harshacharita, written in seventh century AD in Northern India, mentions use of agarwood products such as 'Xasipat' (writing-material) and 'aloe-oil' in ancient Assam (Kamarupa). The tradition of making writing materials from its bark still exists in Assam. The vitamin-enriched makeup of oud oil includes zinc, iron and calcium, as well as essential fatty acids. This is why we have included this vital ingredient in our luxurious men's hydrating facial moisturiser. The composition of agarwood oil is exceedingly complex with more than 150 chemical compounds identified. [7] At least 70 of these are terpenoids which come in the form of sesquiterpenes and chromones; no monoterpenes have been detected at all. Other common classes of compounds include agarofurans, cadinanes, eudesmanes, valencanes and eremophilanes, guaianes, prezizanes, vetispiranes, simple volatile aromatic compounds as well as a range of miscellaneous compounds. [7] The exact balance of these materials will vary depending on the age and species of tree as well as the exact details of the oil extraction process. Oud oil is also beneficial for the hair and scalp. Indeed, Sanskrit poet, Kālidāsa (c. 353-c. 420), describes “beautiful women...suspend their dark hair in the smoke of burning aloes.” (aloes was the ancient word for agarwood).
Agarwood is mentioned several times in the bible. The Pharisee, Nicodemus, is described as wrapping Jesus' body after the Crucifixion with linen and spices, including oud. In Tamil it is called aghi (அகில்) though what was referred in ancient Tamil literature could well be Excoecaria agallocha. One of the main reasons for the relative rarity and high cost of agarwood is the depletion of the wild resource. [1] Since 1995, Aquilaria malaccensis, the primary source, has been listed in Appendix II (potentially threatened species) by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. [2] In 2004, all Aquilaria species were listed in Appendix II; however, a number of countries have outstanding reservations regarding that listing. [2] Oud has become a popular component in perfumery. Most brands have a creation based on or dedicated to "oud" or an accord of oud created through the use of certain chemical scent components. Few perfume houses use real oud in their creations. This is because oud is very expensive and potent. Oud is generally used as a base note and is traditionally paired with rose. Oud essential oil is available on the internet but care should be taken in choosing the vendor. Due to the fact that oud is such an expensive material there is a big market for diluting oud oil with patchouli or other chemical components.
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Other properties hailed for use of oud oil include relief from itching, as a stimulant, as a diuretic, as a muscle relaxant, and to combat fever. Research is also underway to understand the antidepressant effects of oud. Excessive oral intake of oud may cause nausea, vomiting or heartburn. Drinking lots of water can help. As with all medicinal and beauty products, medical attention should be sought if symptoms persist. Burrow, T., and M. B. Emeneau (1984). A Dravidian etymological dictionary (2ed.). Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press. p.4. Ta. akil (in cpds. akiṛ-) eagle-wood, Aquilaria agallocha; the drug agar obtained from the tree; akku eagle-wood. Ma. akil aloe wood, A. agallocha. Ka. agil the balsam tree which yields bdellium, Amyris agallocha; the dark species of Agallochum; fragrance. Tu. agilů a kind of tree; kari agilů Agallochum. / Cf. Skt. aguru-, agaru-; Pali akalu, akaḷu, agaru, agalu, agaḷu; Turner, CDIAL, no. 49. DED 14. {{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link) Oud oil can be distilled from agar wood using steam; the total yield of oil for 70kg of wood will not exceed 20 ml. [37] [ full citation needed] Composition [ edit ] Panda, H. (1 January 2009). Aromatic Plants Cultivation, Processing And Uses. National Institute of Industrial Re. p.182. ISBN 978-81-7833-057-0 . Retrieved 8 October 2010.
Oud oil is usually well-tolerated when burned as incense or in an essential oil, or when applied externally. The word ultimately comes from one of the Dravidian languages, [10] [11] probably from Tamil அகில் (agil). [12] Vernacular names [ edit ] Aquilaria tree showing darker agarwood. Poachers had scraped off the bark to allow the tree to become infected by the ascomycetous mould. a b c Naef, Regula (March 2010). "The volatile and semi-volatile constituents of agarwood, the infected heartwood of Aquilaria species: a review". Flavour and Fragrance Journal. 26 (2): 73–87. doi: 10.1002/ffj.2034. Li, Tana (1998) Nguyễn Cochinchina: southern Vietnam in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Southeast Asia Program Publications, Ithaca, New York, p. 79, ISBN 0-87727-722-2Tim Brown Excellent Value One of the best. Lasts all day. An easy rival to some of the much more expensive ones.Exce In Europe it was referred to as Lignum aquila (eagle-wood) or Agilawood, from similarity to Tamil-Malayalam aghil.
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