Everyday Matters Bible for Women New Living Translation: Practical Encouragement to Make Every Day Matter

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The central Christian prohibition against porneia "collided with the deeply entrenched patterns of Roman permissiveness" and exploitation. [93] Harper writes that Christianity sought to establish equal sexual consideration for both men and women within the sanctity of marriage, and to protect all from exploitation whatever their circumstance. [94] This was a transformation in the "deep logic" of sexual morality, a revolution in the rules of behavior, but also, a true transformation in the very image of the human being as free, with power and responsibility for one's own self. [95] Talmudic scholar Judith Hauptman says marriage and family law in the Bible favored men over women. For example, a husband could divorce a wife if he chose to, but a wife could not divorce a husband without his consent. The law said a woman could not make a binding vow without the consent of her male authority, so she could not legally marry without male approval. The practice of levirate marriage applied to widows of childless deceased husbands, not to widowers of childless deceased wives. If either he or she did not consent to the marriage, a different ceremony called chalitza was done instead; this involves the widow removing her brother-in-law's shoe, spitting in front of him, and proclaiming, "This is what happens to someone who will not build his brother's house!". [43] :163 a b Glazebrook, Allison; Henry, Madeleine M. (2011). "Introduction". In Glazebrook, Allison; Henry, Madeleine M. (eds.). Greek Prostitutes in the Ancient Mediterranean, 800 BCE–200 CE. Madison, Wisconsin: The University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-23563-5. Abraham is an important figure in the Bible, yet "his story pivots on two women." [48] [49] :9 Sarah was Abraham's wife and Hagar was Sarah's personal slave who became Abraham's concubine. Sarah is introduced in the Bible with only her name and that she is "barren" and without child. She had borne no children though God had promised them a child. Sarah is the first of barren women introduced, and the theme of infertility remains present throughout the matriarch narratives (Genesis 11:30, 25:21; 30:1–2). [50] In the West, the status of Egyptian women was high, and their legal rights approached equality with men throughout the last three millennia BCE. [7] :5–6 A few women even ruled as pharaohs. [7] :7 However, historian Sarah Pomeroy explains that even in those ancient patriarchal societies where a woman could occasionally become queen, her position did not empower her female subjects. [8] :x

a b Maine, Henry Sumner (2015). Ancient Law: Its Connection with the Early History of Society, and Its Relation With to Modern Ideas. Palala Press. ISBN 978-1340712365. Originally Published in 1874 by Henry Holt and Company, New York; Republished as Historically Significant. Further information: Early Christian Women and Pagan Opinion Christian Charity, 19th-century work by Bertel Thorvaldsen The NKJV, Woman’s Study Bible, Hardcover, Red Letter, Full-Color Edition: Receiving God’s Truth for Balance, Hope, and Transformation

Women in the Bible are wives, mothers and daughters, servants, slaves and prostitutes. As both victors and victims, some women in the Bible change the course of important events while others are powerless to affect even their own destinies. The majority of women in the Bible are anonymous and unnamed. Individual portraits of various women in the Bible show women in a variety of roles. The New Testament refers to a number of women in Jesus' inner circle, and he is generally seen by scholars as dealing with women with respect and even equality.

See also: Women in Judaism The Construction of Noah's Ark depicts the eight people said to be on the ark, including the four wives, who are all unnamed in the Book of Genesis. Jacopo Bassano, 16th century.Other examples of Biblical women in operas include the story of Samson and Delilah by Camille Saint-Saëns; it is one of the pieces that defines French opera. Ruth is an opera with libretto in English composed by Lennox Berkeley that premiered in London in 1956. a b Trible, Phyllis (1973). "Depatriarchalizing in Biblical Interpretation". Journal of the American Academy of Religion. 41 (1): 30–48. doi: 10.1093/jaarel/XLI.1.30. JSTOR 1461386.