Philip Snowden: The First Labour Chancellor of the Exchequer

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However, he ignored the concerns of the trade unions, which he judged to be conservative and fixated on wages. The right’s response, led by the strongly Europhile and seasoned former cabinet minister Roy Jenkins, was to initiate the party’s second major split, by creating a new Social Democratic Party in 1981.

Attlee now led the party’s least controversially successful administration, achieving all the above three objectives – most notably the oft-cited ‘jewel’ in Labour’s history: the creation, in 1948, of the National Health Service.While in the past both houses were private residences, today they serve as interlinked offices, with the occupant living in an apartment made from attic rooms previously resided in by servants. The Attlee government nationalised about 20% of the economy, including coal, railways, road transport, the Bank of England, civil aviation, electricity and gas, and steel. Baldwin had little chance of remaining prime minister when the balance of power was held by the Liberal Party under H.

These benefits had been legislated for the previous year by Churchill's Family Allowances Act 1945, and was the first measure pushed through parliament by Attlee's government. In recent times, it has only regularly been worn at coronations, but some chancellors (at least until the 1990s) have also worn it when attending the Trial of the Pyx as Master of the Mint. He also has a high level of influence over the appointment of the Bank's Governor and Deputy Governors, and has the right of consultation over the appointment of the two remaining MPC members from within the Bank.The Cabinet was characterised by a moderate trade union feel, although it also contained a few Liberals. In addition, government funds were allocated for the repair and modernisation of 60,000 government built houses.

Although his parents and sisters were involved in weaving at the Ickornshaw Mill, he did not join them; after attending a local board school (where he received additional lessons in French and Latin from the schoolmaster) he stayed on as a pupil-teacher.

The recent chancellors, Philip Hammond, George Osborne, Alistair Darling and Gordon Brown, [20] opted for water. Wherever the rents of the holdings were considered to be too high they were reduced, a valuation having been undertaken by the Land Court in each case. The Labour Party came to power in the United Kingdom following its unexpected victory in the July 1945 general election. He continued his writing and lectures, and now was advocating more radical measures than the ruling Liberal government was implementing.

Consultants benefited from the new system by being paid salaries that provided an acceptable standard of living without the need for them to resort to private practice. As a result of this change, 60,000 elderly people, whose meagre savings had previously reduced their pension entitlement, received the full state pension. He profoundly believed in the morality of the balanced budget, with rigorous economy and not a penny wasted. That August, fresh agreements on peace and reparations were signed in London between Germany and the Allies. In August 1891, when he was aged 27, Snowden severely injured his back in a cycling accident in Devon and was paralyzed from the waist down.

Blair’s resignation in 2007 was partly forced by a ‘putsch’ of MPs a year earlier who had become increasingly dissatisfied with what they saw as his departure from Labour’s centre-left values.