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A Religion of Peace?: Why Christianity Is and Islam Isn't

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Other examples from this period include the 1986 People Power Revolution in the Philippines led by Corazon Aquino and the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests, with the broadly publicized " Tank Man" incident as its indelible image. Axis aggression that precipitated World War II has been cited as an argument against pacifism. [155] If these forces had not been challenged and defeated militarily, the argument goes, many more people would have died under their oppressive rule. Adolf Hitler told the British Foreign Secretary Lord Halifax in 1937 that the British should "shoot Gandhi, and if this doesn't suffice to reduce them to submission, shoot a dozen leading members of the Congress, and if that doesn't suffice shoot 200, and so on, as you make it clear that you mean business." [156] The Jehad. The war against the non-Muslims, so frequently recommended in the Medinese suras, almost became, as with the Kharijites, a “sixth pillar of Islam”. Islam owes to it her expansion, in which “the mission”, properly speaking, has played an insignificant role. [21]

Different Muslim movements through history had linked pacifism with Muslim theology. [117] [118] [119] However, warfare has been integral part of Islamic history both for the defense and the spread of the faith since the time of Muhammad. [120] [121] [122] [123] [124] In a major encyclopaedia, one reads phrases such as: “Islam expanded in the eighth or ninth centuries…”; This or that country “passed into Muslim hands…”. But care is taken not to say how Islam expanded, how countries “passed into [Muslim] hands”… Indeed, it would seem as if events happened by themselves, through a miraculous or amicable operation …” Regarding this expansion, little is said about jihad. And yet it all happened through war! [19]The very next verse of the Qur’an then goes on to clarify, this time for Muslims and not restricted to Jews, what should be done to those who spread mischief through the land: Ahmadiyya claims its objective to be the peaceful propagation of Islam with special emphasis on spreading the true message of Islam by the pen. Ahmadis point out that as per prophecy, who they believe was the promised messiah, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, rendered the concept of violent jihad unnecessary in modern times. They believe that the answer of hate should be given by love. [133] Many Muslims consider Ahmadi Muslims as either kafirs or heretics, an animosity sometimes resulting in murder. [134] [135] [136] Jainism [ edit ] And when We substitute a verse in place of a verse – and Allah is most knowing of what He sends down – they say, “You, [O Muhammad], are but an inventor [of lies].” But most of them do not know. (Q 16:101) [10]

There are those, however, who deny that Jesus was a pacifist [25] and state that Jesus never said not to fight, [28] citing examples from the New Testament. One such instance portrays an angry Jesus driving dishonest market traders from the temple. [28] A frequently quoted passage is Luke 22:36: "He said to them, 'But now, the one who has a purse must take it, and likewise a bag. And the one who has no sword must sell his cloak and buy one.'" Pacifists have typically explained that verse as Jesus fulfilling prophecy, since in the next verse, Jesus continues to say: "It is written: 'And he was numbered with the transgressors'; and I tell you that this must be fulfilled in me. Yes, what is written about me is reaching its fulfillment." Others have interpreted the non-pacifist statements in the New Testament to be related to self-defense or to be metaphorical and state that on no occasion did Jesus shed blood or urge others to shed blood. [25] Modern history [ edit ] Penn's Treaty with the Lenape Overy, R. (1 May 2013). "Pacifism and the Blitz, 1940–1941". Past & Present. 219 (1): 201–236. doi: 10.1093/pastj/gtt005. The Arabic word ‘ jihad’ means ‘struggle’ or ‘strive’. It is sometimes ambiguous whether this refers to a spiritual or a physical (violent) struggle. The clearest use in a non-violent sense is Q 22:78:In fact, surah 9 is the last chapter to be revealed in the Qur’an and is seen as abrogating earlier instructions. Surah 9 is also the most violent chapter as the following verses demonstrate: Archived copy". Archived from the original on 28 February 2012 . Retrieved 13 February 2009. {{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( link) The contrast with Jesus could not be sharper. Jesus said “love your enemies”– a statement found nowhere in the teaching of Islam. Jesus never killed anyone, and criticised Peter for taking up a sword in his defence. Instead of killing and maiming, Jesus healed people and even raised some from the dead. Teaching of religious leaders On December 1, 1948, President José Figueres Ferrer of Costa Rica abolished the Costa Rican military. [82] In 1949, the abolition of the military was introduced in Article 12 of the Costa Rican constitution. The budget previously dedicated to the military is now dedicated to providing healthcare services and education. [83] Antiwar literature of the 20th century [ edit ]

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