Molecular Biology of the Cell 5E

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A Strand-directed Mismatch Repair System Removes Replication Errors That Escape from the Replication Machine How photosynthesis occurs – collection of the infalling light inside the chloroplast, conversion of the photon’s energy into a resonant state of the chlorophyll and its transfer from the antenna complex to the reaction center, where a weak electron donor is promoted to a strong one. In Single-Pass Transmembrane Proteins, a Single Internal ER Signal Sequence Remains in the Lipid Bilayer as a Membrane-spanning α Helix Filament Treadmilling and Dynamic Instability Are Consequences of Nucleotide Hydrolysis by Tubulin and Actin DNA Hybridization Reactions Provide a Simple Model for the Base-pairing Step in General Recombination

For nearly a quarter century Molecular Biology of the Cell has been the leading cell biology textbook. This tradition continues with the new Fifth Edition, which has been completely revised and updated to describe our current, rapidly advancing understanding of cell biology. To list but a few examples, a large amount of new material is presented on epigenetics; stem cells; RNAi; comparative genomics; the latest cancer therapies; apoptosis (now its own separate chapter); and cell cycle control and the mechanics of M phase (now integrated into one chapter). Bacterial Chemotaxis Depends on a Two-Component Signaling Pathway Activated by Histidine-Kinase-associated Receptors Despite their outward differences, the two yeast species share a number of features that are extremely useful for genetic studies. They reproduce almost as rapidly as bacteria and have a genome size less than 1% that of a mammal. They are amenable to rapid molecular genetic manipulation, whereby genes can be deleted, replaced, or altered. Most importantly, they have the unusual ability to proliferate in a haploid state, in which only a single copy of each gene is present in the cell. When cells are haploid, it is easy to isolate and study mutations that inactivate a gene, as one avoids the complication of having a second copy of the gene in the cell. In Most Transmembrane Proteins the Polypeptide Chain Crosses the Lipid Bilayer in an α-Helical Conformation

Excerpt

Most Proteins Synthesized in the Rough ER Are Glycosylated by the Addition of a Common N-linked Oligosaccharide Many important discoveries about cell-cycle control have come from systematic searches for mutations in yeasts that inactivate genes encoding essential components of the cell-cycle control system. The genes affected by these mutations are known as cell-division-cycle genes, or cdc genes. Many of these mutations cause cells to arrest at a specific point in the cell cycle, suggesting that the normal gene product is required to get the cell past this point. Eucaryotic Gene Activator Proteins Promote the Assembly of RNA Polymerase and the General Transcription Factors at the Startpoint of Transcription

The Size and Subunit Composition of a Protein Can Be Determined by SDS Polyacrylamide-Gel Electrophoresis

Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th edition.

The original idea of a book such as MBoC belonged exclusively to James Watson. In the early 1970s, he wisely spotted a latent hurdle for his long-time vision of transforming the whole biology field into a molecular science. He recognized that the knowledge of cell biology at the time was almost entirely based on light and electron microscopy investigations, and for students this hardly integrated any new molecular biology. Therefore, Watson believed in the need for a new textbook that would combine these two fields. As Martin Raff recalls, for Watson producing MBoC would be a “very important way of modernising the way cell biology was taught and perhaps even how cell biology was done.”

Initial Patterns Are Established in Small Fields of Cells and Refined by Sequential Induction as the Embryo Grows The phases of the cell cycle. The cell grows continuously in interphase, which consists of three phases: DNA replication is confined to S phase; G 1 is the gap between M phase and S phase, while G 2 is the gap between S phase and M phase. In M phase, the (more...) The intracellular compartments of the eucaryotic cell involved in the biosynthetic- secretory and endocytic pathways. Each compartment encloses a space, called a lumen, that is topologically equivalent to the outside of the cell, and all compartments (more...) Cytotoxic T Cells Recognize Fragments of Foreign Cytosolic Proteins in Association with Class I MHC Proteins It Is Not Yet Possible to Accurately Predict the DNA Sequences Recognized by All Gene Regulatory ProteinsTo perform its function, each transport vesicle that buds from a compartment must be selective. It must take up only the appropriate proteins and must fuse only with the appropriate target membrane. A vesicle carrying cargo from the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane, for example, must exclude proteins that are to stay in the Golgi apparatus, and it must fuse only with the plasma membrane and not with any other organelle.

Highly Condensed Chromatin Replicates Late, While Genes in Less Condensed Chromatin Tend to Replicate Early Polarized Cells Direct Proteins from the Trans Golgi Network to the Appropriate Domain of the Plasma Membrane Lateral Inhibition and Asymmetric Division Combine to Regulate Genesis of Neurons Throughout the Body Oocyte growth and egg cleavage in Xenopus. The oocyte grows without dividing for many months in the ovary of the mother frog and finally matures into an egg. Upon fertilization, the egg cleaves very rapidly—initially at a rate of one division (more...)

Contents

Amazing and thought-provoking, this text can heartily be recommended to any genuine lover of nature. The main impression one draws from this work will be that of layer upon layer of staggering complexity in the workings of the cell. Saddening to reflect that, probably, in the main it must be studied laboriously by hard-pressed undergraduates seeking to pass their examinations rather than pored over eagerly by contemplators of creation. For one must simply marvel at nature’s inventiveness: The Extracellular Matrix May Influence Connective-Tissue Cell Differentiation by Affecting Cell Shape and Attachment Comparisons Between the DNAs of Related Organisms Distinguish Conserved and Nonconserved Regions of DNA Sequence A Special Nucleotide-Polymerizing Enzyme Synthesizes Short RNA Primer Molecules on the Lagging Strand